Pathogenetic therapy of COVID-19: focus on glucocorticoids

The problem of preventing excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the case of COVID-19 remains unre-solved. The use of steroids in the treatment of coronavirus pneumonia remains controversial. To date, there is insufficient literature data for the routine use of steroids in COVID-19 intensive care programs, and this issue remains the subject of continuous research and endless debate. The review of the scientific literature focuses on one of the areas of pathogenetic therapy for COVID-19 — the pre- vention and elimination of hyperproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines using glucocorticoid drugs. The review presents modern international recommendations on the use of glucocorticoid drugs in severe COVID-19, examines the pathogenetic mechanisms of their action and side effects. © 2022. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, CC BY, which allows others to freely distribute the published article, with the obligatory reference to the authors of original works and original publication in this journal.

The endothelium is the main target of coronavirus infection

Background. The world currently has a wealth of clinical experience in the treatment of SARS-Co-2. However, more and more work is emerging that opens up new data on the manifestations of this viral disease and its consequences, which can affect both the change in its clinical picture and the quality of life of patients with COVID-19. Therefore, this work was aimed to summarize the results of literature research and our experience of intensive care of endothelial dysfunction in coronavirus infection. Material and methods. The work is based on the results of a study on the Internet search engines Google and PubMed, with the keywords: intensive care SARS-CoV-2, pathophysiological changes in coronavirus in- fection, endothelial dysfunction. Results. This review presents the pathogenetic links of COVID-19, mechanisms of viral endothelial damage, mechanisms of hypercoagulopathy, the main directions of prevention and treatment of endothelial dysfunction. Conclusions. The examination convincingly showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection promotes the development of endotheliitis in various organs as a result of viral infection. The presence of COVID-19-induced endotheliitis can explain the systemic microcirculation disorders in various vascular channels and their clinical consequences. © 2022. The Authors.

PRIORITY OF DISTANCE EDUCATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD

The article provides information on the research conducted to investigate the priority elements of teachers' skills in distance education through a social survey of resident doctors. The survey was conducted among 136 residents of the first (58 people) and second (78 people) years of study who are specializing in anesthesiology and intensive care (71 females, 65 males). Respondents were given questionnaires that contained 8 questions and 52 possible answers, which were asked to mark one or more correct answers. The ninth question included an indication of the factor that most motivates respondents to study. The results of the questionnaire allowed to clarify the priority areas of personal qualities and pedagogical skills of teachers in distance teaching.